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Fort Beauséjour ((:fɔʁ boseˈʒuːʁ)) (later known as Fort Cumberland) was built by the French during Father Le Loutre's War from 1751–1755; it is located at the Isthmus of Chignecto in present-day Aulac, New Brunswick, Canada.〔Charlotte Gray, ''The Museum Called Canada: 25 Rooms of Wonder'', Random House, 2004〕 The property is now a National Historic Site of Canada officially known as Fort Beauséjour – Fort Cumberland National Historic Site. To maintain the land route between Louisbourg and Quebec, the French built this fort and two satellite installations: one at present-day Port Elgin, New Brunswick (Fort Gaspareaux) and the other at present-day Saint John, New Brunswick (Fort Menagoueche).〔Hand, p. 25〕 Fort Beauséjour is notable as the site of the Battle of Fort Beauséjour, which was both the final act in the long fight between Britain and France for control of Acadia, and the opening act of the final struggle between the two great empires for North America.〔Chris M. Hand. ''The Siege of Fort Beausejour 1755''. p. 12〕 Renamed in 1755 Fort Cumberland by the British, who were victorious, it was the site of the Battle of Fort Cumberland during the American Revolutionary War.〔(Fort Beauséjour – Fort Cumberland National Historic Site of Canada ), Parks Canada〕 == Historical context == Fort Beauséjour was one of several French forts erected after King George's War (1748) to strengthen the French position in North America against the British. Louisbourg was rebuilt (1749), Fort Niagara on Lake Ontario was expanded (1749), Fort Duquesne was constructed near present-day Pittsburgh (1749), and Fort Rouille, at the delta of the Humber River, was built (1750). In Acadia, Fort Menagoueche was built to the west of the mouth of the St. John River (1748), further up the river they re-occupied Fort Nerepis (1749), Fort Gadiaque - a fortified supply depot - was built at Indian Island (Skull Island), Shediac Bay (1749).〔Hand, p. 17〕 Following the Treaty of Utrecht in 1713, the part of Acadia which is known today as peninsular Nova Scotia changed from French to British control, and became another British colony on the eastern seaboard. Due to disagreements in interpretation of the treaty provisions delineating Acadia's boundaries, the ownership of present-day New Brunswick continued to be disputed. An informal dividing line was eventually established on the Isthmus of Chignecto at the Missiguash River. As tensions between France and Britain escalated in the 1740s, the territorial dispute over colonial limits became an important issue. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Fort Beauséjour」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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